Serial.H

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// ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// JeVois Smart Embedded Machine Vision Toolkit - Copyright (C) 2016 by Laurent Itti, the University of Southern
// California (USC), and iLab at USC. See http://iLab.usc.edu and http://jevois.org for information about this project.
//
// This file is part of the JeVois Smart Embedded Machine Vision Toolkit.  This program is free software; you can
// redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
// Foundation, version 2.  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY;
// without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public
// License for more details.  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program;
// if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
//
// Contact information: Laurent Itti - 3641 Watt Way, HNB-07A - Los Angeles, CA 90089-2520 - USA.
// Tel: +1 213 740 3527 - itti@pollux.usc.edu - http://iLab.usc.edu - http://jevois.org
// ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/*! \file */

#pragma once

#include <jevois/Core/UserInterface.H>
#include <jevois/Types/Enum.H>
#include <chrono>
#include <termios.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <mutex>

namespace jevois
{
  namespace serial
  {
    static ParameterCategory const ParamCateg("Serial Port Options");

    //! Parameter \relates jevois::Serial
    JEVOIS_DECLARE_PARAMETER(devname, std::string, "Device file name",
                             "", ParamCateg);

    //! Parameter \relates jevois::Serial
    JEVOIS_DECLARE_PARAMETER(baudrate, unsigned int, "Baudrate",
                             115200, { 110, 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 14400, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200,
                                 230400, 460800, 921600, 1000000, 1152000, 1500000, 2000000,
                                 2500000, 3000000, 3500000, 4000000 }, ParamCateg);

    //! Parameter \relates jevois::Serial
    JEVOIS_DECLARE_PARAMETER(format, std::string, "Data format",
                             "8N1", boost::regex("^[5-8][NEO][12]$"), ParamCateg);

    //! Parameter \relates jevois::Serial
    JEVOIS_DECLARE_PARAMETER(flowsoft, bool, "Use soft (XON/XOFF) flow control",
                             false, ParamCateg);

    //! Parameter \relates jevois::Serial
    JEVOIS_DECLARE_PARAMETER(flowhard, bool, "Use hard (RTS/CTS) flow control",
                             false, ParamCateg);

    //! Parameter \relates jevois::Serial
    JEVOIS_DECLARE_PARAMETER(drop, bool, "Silently drop write data when write buffer is full. Useful to "
                 "avoid blocking when writing messages to serial-over-USB port and the host is "
                 "not listening to it",
                             true, ParamCateg);

    //! Enum for Parameter \relates jevois::Serial
    JEVOIS_DEFINE_ENUM_CLASS(LineStyle, (LF) (CR) (CRLF) (Zero) (Sloppy) );

    //! Parameter \relates jevois::Serial
    JEVOIS_DECLARE_PARAMETER(linestyle, LineStyle, "End of line style: LF is for 0x0a [\\n]; CR is for 0x0d [\\r]; "
                             "CRLF is for 0x0d 0x0a [\\r\\n]; Zero is for 0x00 [\\0]; Sloppy accepts any of "
                             "CR, LF, CRLF, 0xd0 (issued by some keyboards instead of Return), and Zero as input "
                             "and issues CRLF in outputs.",
                             LineStyle::Sloppy, LineStyle_Values, ParamCateg);

    //! Enum for Parameter \relates jevois::Serial
    JEVOIS_DEFINE_ENUM_CLASS(TerminalMode, (Plain) (VT100) );

    //! Parameter \relates jevois::Serial
    JEVOIS_DECLARE_PARAMETER(mode, TerminalMode, "Terminal emulation mode for input",
                             TerminalMode::Plain, TerminalMode_Values, ParamCateg);
  } // namespace serial
  
  //! Interface to a serial port
  /*! This class is thread-safe. Concurrent read and write (which do not seem to be supported by the O.S. or hardware)
      are serialized through the use of a mutex in the Serial class. \ingroup core */
  class Serial : public UserInterface,
                 public Parameter<serial::devname, serial::baudrate, serial::format, serial::flowsoft,
                                  serial::flowhard, serial::drop, serial::linestyle, serial::mode>
  {
    public:
      //! Constructor
      Serial(std::string const & instance, UserInterface::Type type);

      //! destructor
      virtual ~Serial();
      
      //! Set the access to blocking or not
      /*! Default is non-blocking. If blocking, can also specify a timeout (rounded to tenth of seconds) */
      void setBlocking(bool blocking, std::chrono::milliseconds const & timeout);
      
      //! Set the DTR mode off momentarily.
      void toggleDTR(std::chrono::milliseconds const & dur);
      
      //! transmit continuous stream of zero-valued bits for specific duration.
      void sendBreak(void);

      //! Read some bytes if available, and return true and a string when one is complete
      /*! This would usually only make sense to use in non-blocking mode. */
      bool readSome(std::string & str) override;
      
      //! Read a string, using the line termination convention of serial::linestyle
      /*! No line terminator is included in the read string that is returned. This would normally only make sense to use
          when the port is in blocking mode, as it throws if trying to chars until the end of line marker but none is
          available. */
      std::string readString();

      //! Write a string, using the line termination convention of serial::linestyle
      /*! No line terminator should be included in the string, writeString() will add one. */
      void writeString(std::string const & str) override;
      
      //! Attempt to read up to nbytes from serial port into the buffer
      /*! @param buffer holds bytes after read
          @param nbytes number of bytes to attempt to read
          @return 0 on a timeout, -1 on error, number of bytes actually read on a success */
      int read(void * buffer, const int nbytes);

      //! Attempt to read up to nbytes from serial port into the buffer
      /*! @param buffer holds bytes after read
          @param nbytes number of bytes to attempt to read
          @return 0 on a timeout, 0 on no new characters, -1 on error, number of bytes actually read on a success */
      int read2(void * buffer, const int nbytes);
      
      //! Write bytes to the port
      /*! @param buffer begin writing from the location buffer.
          @param nbytes number of bytes to write */
      void write(void const * buffer, const int nbytes);

      //! Write bytes to the port - does not wait for buffer to be emptied
      /*! @param buffer begin writing from the location buffer.
          @param nbytes number of bytes to write */
      void writeNoCheck(void const * buffer, const int nbytes);
      
      //! Flush all inputs
      void flush(void);

      //! Return our port type, here Hard or USB
      UserInterface::Type type() const override;

    protected:
      void postInit() override;
      void postUninit() override;

    private:
      int itsDev; // descriptor associated with the device file
      termios itsSavedState; // saved state to restore in the destructor
      std::string itsPartialString;
      std::mutex itsMtx;
      int itsWriteOverflowCounter; // counter so we do not send too many write overflow errors, or -1 to drop
      jevois::UserInterface::Type itsType;
  };
} // namespace jevois